(*********************************************************************** Mathematica-Compatible Notebook This notebook can be used on any computer system with Mathematica 3.0, MathReader 3.0, or any compatible application. The data for the notebook starts with the line of stars above. To get the notebook into a Mathematica-compatible application, do one of the following: * Save the data starting with the line of stars above into a file with a name ending in .nb, then open the file inside the application; * Copy the data starting with the line of stars above to the clipboard, then use the Paste menu command inside the application. Data for notebooks contains only printable 7-bit ASCII and can be sent directly in email or through ftp in text mode. Newlines can be CR, LF or CRLF (Unix, Macintosh or MS-DOS style). 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For more information on notebooks and Mathematica-compatible applications, contact Wolfram Research: web: http://www.wolfram.com email: info@wolfram.com phone: +1-217-398-0700 (U.S.) Notebook reader applications are available free of charge from Wolfram Research. ***********************************************************************) (*CacheID: 232*) (*NotebookFileLineBreakTest NotebookFileLineBreakTest*) (*NotebookOptionsPosition[ 25747, 749]*) (*NotebookOutlinePosition[ 49676, 1597]*) (* CellTagsIndexPosition[ 49632, 1593]*) (*WindowFrame->Normal*) Notebook[{ Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell["Notes on Typesetting", "Title"], Cell["By Robin Sanders, January 1998", "Subsubtitle", TextAlignment->Center], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell["Introduction", "Section"], Cell[TextData[{ "The hardcopy of the text for the labs was written for ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " 2.0, which did not allow fancy \"typesetting\" in the so-called \"input\" \ cells\[LongDash]the cells that you use to tell ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " what to do. The typesetting in the text cells was fairly sophisticated, \ but it did not have the on-screen palette that you may see somewhere on the \ screen. As a consequence, the text's text cells are formated (but students \ are not told how to do it) and the input cells are not. The authors have now \ completed the conversion of the online notebooks to full-scale ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " 3.0 notebooks, complete with formated input cells and hints to students \ on how to do the basic typesetting. " }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "I have always used ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " 2.4 in the past. As a result, I am still learning how to use the fancy \ stuff myself. Since I often find the time used to figure out how to do the \ typesetting is much longer than seems reasonable, I often simply use what the \ authors call \"linear input\" inside my input cells. Some people find this \ linear input very hard to read, but others do not. Likewise some people find \ the formated input relatively easy to generate, but others do not. I don't \ care which form of input you use, so pick the one you are most comfortable \ with." }], "Text"] }, Open ]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell[TextData["Linear input\[LongDash]pros and cons"], "Section"], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell["The upside of linear input", "Subsection"], Cell[TextData[ "The biggest plus for \"linear\" input is that it is entered directly from \ the keyboard\[LongDash]there are NO special keys or key combinations to \ recall. If you are an expert typist or if you dislike using the mouse, you \ may find linear input more comfortable to use. "], "Text"], Cell["Here are some basic pointers for linear input style:", "Text"], Cell[TextData[ "\t/ is used for division\n\t^ is used to denote an exponent\n\t\ \[SpaceIndicator] (i.e. a blank space) or * is used for multiplication"], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "\t( ) are used for grouping (and ONLY used for grouping)\n\t[ ] are \ used to surround the arguments of functions (and they are used\n\t for \ NOTHING else!)\n\t{ } are used to surround a ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " object called a ", StyleBox["list ", FontSlant->"Italic"], "(and they\n\t cannot be used for grouping.)" }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "\tAll function names and built-in constants start with capital letters\n\t\ \tPi is used for the number \[Pi]\n\t\tE is used for the number ", StyleBox["e", FontSlant->"Italic"], ", the base of the natural log", StyleBox["\n\t\t", FontSlant->"Italic"], "I is used for the number ", StyleBox["i", FontSlant->"Italic"], ", the square root of -1\n\t\tCos[x] is used for cos(", StyleBox["x", FontSlant->"Italic"], ")\n\t\tSin[x] is used for sin(", StyleBox["x", FontSlant->"Italic"], ")\n\t\tLog[x] is used for ln(", StyleBox["x", FontSlant->"Italic"], ")" }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "\tMost built-in ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " commands are actually functions---so the typical syntax is \n\t\t\t\ FunctionName[arguments] \nThe capitalization is important and so are the \ square brackets." }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ StyleBox["Exercise 1", FontSlant->"Italic"], ". Try to predict what each input cell says to do ", StyleBox["before", FontSlant->"Italic"], " you activate the cell. Then activate and compare what ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " did to your prediction." }], "Text"], Cell["\<\ Hint: In the following input cell, there is a blank between the \"7\ \" and the \"5\"\ \>", "Text"], Cell[BoxData[ \(\(\((1\ + \ 4)\)/\((7\ \ 5\ + \ 6)\)\ \)\)], "Input"], Cell["\<\ The next two cells deal with the order of evaluating \ exponents.\ \>", "Text"], Cell[BoxData[ \(2^\((3^2)\)\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(\((2^3)\)^2\)], "Input"], Cell["Some basic trig and arithmetic expressions.", "Text"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Sin[5\ Pi/4]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Cos[Pi]\ + \ Sqrt[49]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(5/x\ + \ 3\ E\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(5/\((x\ + \ 3\ E)\)\)], "Input"], Cell["A quickie introduction to how the plot command works.", "Text"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Plot[x^2, \ {x, \ \(-2\), \ 2}]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Plot[x\ + \ x^2, \ {x, \ \(-3\), \ 5}]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Plot[2^x, \ {x, \ \(-2\), \ 2}]\)], "Input"], Cell["\<\ Pay careful attention to where the grouping for the \"squaring\" \ operation occurs in each of the following expressions.\ \>", "Text"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Cos[Pi/4]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Cos[Pi/4]^2\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Cos[Pi/4^2]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Cos[\((Pi/4)\)^2]\)], "Input"] }, Closed]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell["The downside to linear input", "Subsection"], Cell[TextData[{ "In looking at the input cells in this section, one big disadvantage of \ \"linear input\" also becomes clear: It is MUCH harder to read (and parse) \ than standard formated mathematics. That's the whole point to formated input \ cells in ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " 3.0\[LongDash]it allows you to make the input easier to read." }], "Text"], Cell["\<\ Another problem with \"linear input\" is that the names of commands \ come from standard mathematical notation must be learned and \"memorized\" to \ some extent. \ \>", "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ StyleBox["Exercise 2", FontSlant->"Italic"], ". Activate the following cells and decide what the D[function, x] command \ seems to do. " }], "Text"], Cell[BoxData[ \(D[x^2, \ x]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(D[x^3, \ x]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(D[Sin[x], \ x]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(D[Cos[x], \ x]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(D[Tan[x], \ x]\)], "Input"], Cell["Now guess what this cell does and then activate it:", "Text"], Cell[BoxData[ \(D[t^2\ + \ 3\ t, \ t]\)], "Input"] }, Closed]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell["A final note about linear input", "Subsection"], Cell[TextData[{ "Finally, if you decide that you prefer linear input, it is ok to use \ \"linear input\" style in text cells when you want to explain what you are \ doing. So for instance, if you need to write the classic trig identity\n\t", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm \`\(cos\^2\) \[Theta]\ + \ \(sin\^2\) \[Theta]\ = \ 1\)]], "\nin a text cell, it is perfectly acceptable to write it as:\n\t\ Cos[theta]^2 + Sin[theta]^2 = 1" }], "Text"] }, Closed]] }, Open ]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell[TextData["Formated input\[LongDash]pros and cons"], "Section"], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell["The upside of formated input", "Subsection"], Cell["\<\ The major advantage of formated input is that is comes much closer \ to the mathematical notation like we use in textbooks. \ \>", "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ StyleBox["Exercise 3", FontSlant->"Italic"], ". Consider the following formated input cells\[LongDash]you should have \ no problem deciding what each cell means. (Double check by activating the \ cell.)" }], "Text"], Cell[BoxData[ \(\(1 + 4\)\/\(7\ 5 + 6\)\)], "Input"], Cell["(Hint: There is a blank between the \"7\" and the \"5\")", "Text"], Cell[BoxData[ \(2\^\(3\^2\)\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(\((2\^3)\)\^2\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Sin[\(5\ \[Pi]\)\/4]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Cos[\[Pi]] + \@49\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(5\/x + 3\ E\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(5\/\(x + 3\ E\)\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Plot[x\^2, {x, \(-2\), 2}]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Plot[x + x\^2, {x, \(-3\), 5}]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Plot[2\^x, {x, \(-2\), 2}]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Cos[\[Pi]\/4]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Cos[\[Pi]\/4]\^2\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Cos[\[Pi]\/4\^2]\)], "Input"], Cell[BoxData[ \(Cos[\((\[Pi]\/4)\)\^2]\)], "Input"] }, Closed]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell["The downside of formated input", "Subsection"], Cell[TextData[{ "The downside of formated input is the time (and effort) that formating the \ input requires. The standard way to format the input to look pretty is to \ use the \"palettes.\" When you open a ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " notebook up, there may be a palette somewhere on the screen. This \ palette is called the \"Basic Input Palette\". If you can't find the palette \ or if you close it, you can always recreate it by using the menus. Pull down \ the File menu, slide down to the Palettes submenu, and slide over to select \ BasicInput from the submenu. " }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "An important note: ", StyleBox[ "While the palettes on the Macintosh frontend seem to work quite well, the \ palettes on other frontends are still full of bugs. If you use ", FontSlant->"Plain"], StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], StyleBox[ " on other platforms, you should be aware that the palettes may not work!", FontSlant->"Plain"] }], "Text", FontSlant->"Italic"], Cell[TextData[ "To use the characters on the palette, move the mouse to the character you \ want and press the button. Of course, this does require you to move your \ hands off the keyboard\[LongDash]if you are a very good typist, this can \ become annoying since it tends to slow good typists down. Many of the \ buttons also have what are called \"keyboard equivalents\"\[LongDash]sets of \ special keystrokes involving just the keyboard that insert the character into \ the cell. These are talked about in the subsections that follow. "], "Text"] }, Closed]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell[TextData[ "Special keys\[LongDash]The \[EscapeKey], \[ControlKey], and \[CloverLeaf] \ keys"], "Subsection"], Cell[TextData[{ "The \"keyboard\" equivalents usually require you to type the Escape key \ (which is located at the top left of the keyboard), the Control key, or the \ Apple Command key. In the discussion that follows, \n\t\[EscapeKey] is used \ to tell you to press the Escape key,\n\t\[ControlKey] is used to tell you to \ press the Control key,\n\t\[CloverLeaf] is used to tell you to press the \ Apple \[CloverLeaf] key.\nAs a general rule, the \[ControlKey] and \ \[CloverLeaf] keys are pressed at the same time as the \"modified\" key that \ you are typing\[LongDash]so that \[ControlKey]-6 means to type the \ \[ControlKey] key and the 6 key ", StyleBox["at the same time", FontSlant->"Italic"], ". On the other hand, the \[EscapeKey] key is usually pressed (and \ released) before typing the next letter. When you've typed the first of a \ pair of \[EscapeKey]'s used in a typesetting sequence, you will see a \ \[AliasIndicator] symbol. This \[AliasIndicator] symbol will disappear when \ you type the second \[EscapeKey] at the end of the typesetting sequence." }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[ "Finally, the symbol \[SpaceIndicator] is used to denote a blank space\ \[LongDash]i.e. hitting the space bar once on the keyboard. "], "Text"] }, Closed]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell["Three Mathematical constants", "Subsection"], Cell[TextData[{ "Recall that ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " has special (capitalized) linear input names for the common mathematical \ constants \[Pi], ", StyleBox["e", FontSlant->"Italic"], ", and ", StyleBox["i", FontSlant->"Italic"], ". ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " also has special formatted names for these constants. Their names appear \ on the BasicInputs palette and they have relatively easy to learn keyboard \ equivalents. Here's a table:" }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "Name\t Linear Input Name Formated Name\tKeyboard Equivalent\n \[Pi]\ \t\tPi\t\t\t\[Pi]\t\t\t\[EscapeKey]p\[EscapeKey]\n ", StyleBox["e", FontSlant->"Italic"], "\t\tE\t\t\t\[ExponentialE]\t\t\t\[EscapeKey]ee\[EscapeKey]\n ", StyleBox["i", FontSlant->"Italic"], "\t\tI\t\t\t\[ImaginaryI]\t\t\t\[EscapeKey]ii\[EscapeKey]" }], "Text"] }, Closed]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell["Mathematical symbols", "Subsection"], Cell["\<\ The top part of the BasicInputs palette is a set of 12 fairly \ common types of mathematical notation. Each template corresponds to a \ particular mathematical notation with a well defined meaning. By the end of \ the semester, you will be familiar with 8 of the twelve pieces of notation. \ If you take Caculus III, you'll learn a couple more of the symbols on this \ palette. \ \>", "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "Here's a table of the palette buttons that you may find useful in this \ course:\n\t", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\[Placeholder]\^\[Placeholder]\)]], " \t(The standard exponent template)\n\t", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\[Placeholder]\/\[Placeholder]\)]], " \t(The standard fraction template)\n\t", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\@\[Placeholder]\)]], " \t(The square root template)\n\t", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\@\[Placeholder]\%\[Placeholder]\)]], " \t(The ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`n\^th\)]], " root template)\n\t", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\[PartialD]\_\[Placeholder]\ \[Placeholder]\)]], " \t(The derivative template)\n\t", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm \`\[Sum]\+\(\[Placeholder] = \[Placeholder]\)\%\[Placeholder] \[Placeholder]\)]], " (The sumation template)\n\t", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm \`\[Integral]\_\[Placeholder]\%\[Placeholder] \[Placeholder] \[DifferentialD]\[Placeholder]\)]], " (The definite integral template)\n\t", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm \`\[Integral]\[Placeholder] \[DifferentialD]\[Placeholder]\)]], " (The indefinite integral template)" }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "In each of these, the \"boxes\" represent pieces of input that ", StyleBox["must", FontSlant->"Italic"], " be supplied by the user before ", StyleBox["Mathematica", FontSlant->"Italic"], " can evaluate the cell. If you compare these pictures to what you get \ when you click on the template's button, you will notice there is one black \ box on your input\[LongDash]that's the default box. The first input you type \ will go into the default box. When you are done with that box's contents, \ you can use the Tab key to move to the other boxes in the template. (You can \ also use the Tab key to move from box to box if the current black box is NOT \ the one you want to enter first.) When you have completed all the template, \ you ", StyleBox["may", FontSlant->"Italic"], " need to type \[ControlKey]-\[SpaceIndicator] once or twice to get all the \ way out of the template before entering more text. " }], "Text"], Cell["\<\ If you already have some text highlighted, and you press one of the \ template buttons, then the highlighted text will be put into the box that is \ black on the palette button.\ \>", "Text"], Cell["\<\ Here is a basic example illustrating the exponent, fraction, and \ square root templates: \ \>", "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "To enter ", Cell[BoxData[ FormBox[ FractionBox[ RowBox[{ FormBox[\(2\^3\), "TraditionalForm"], "+", " ", FormBox[\(\@5\), "TraditionalForm"]}], "91"], TraditionalForm]]], " you can use either of the following:\t" }], "Text"], Cell["\t1) Linear input: Type (2^3 + Sqrt[5]) / 91\t", "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "\t2) Palette input: \n\t\tA) Press the ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\[Placeholder]\/\[Placeholder]\)]], " button. Make sure the top box is highlighted. \n\t\t (If it's not, \ then use the tab to shift to the top box.)\n\t\tB) Press the ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\[Placeholder]\^\[Placeholder]\)]], " button. You're input should now be ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\[Placeholder]\^\[Placeholder]\/\[Placeholder]\)]], "\n\t\tC) Type a 2 in the bottom box to get ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`2\^\[Placeholder]\/\[Placeholder]\)]], ". \n\t\tD) Press the Tab key. The exponent box should now be\n\t\t \ highlighted. \n\t\tE) Type a 3 in the box and type \[ControlKey]-\ \[SpaceIndicator] once to make sure the\n\t\t cursor is NOT in the \ exponent any more. At this point, your \n\t\t input should look like: \ ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`2\^3\/\[Placeholder]\)]], "\n\t\tF) Type a + sign and press the square root template button to\n\t\t\ get: ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\(2\^3 + \ \@\[Placeholder]\)\/\[Placeholder]\)]], "\n\t\tG) Type a 5 in the box and type \[ControlKey]-\[SpaceIndicator] \ once to make sure the\n\t\t cursor is not under the square root. \n\t\t\ Your input should look like this: ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\(2\^3 + \@5\)\/\[Placeholder]\)]], "\n\t\tH) Press the Tab key. The box in the denominator should be \n\t\t \ highlighted. Type in the 91 and type \[ControlKey]-\[SpaceIndicator] \ once or twice to \n\t\t make sure the cursor is not still in the \ denominator. Your\n\t\t input should now read: ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\(2\^3 + \ \@5\)\/91\)]] }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[ "It takes lots of words to explain the process\[LongDash]but if you are good \ at using a mouse, the whole process is much easier than it sounds."], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ StyleBox["Exercise 4.", FontSlant->"Italic"], " Follow all the steps above and see if you can enter a formated version \ of ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\(2\^3 + \ \@5\)\/91\)]], " into an input cell. Activate the cell. What happened? Now, go back and \ edit the input cell to surround the ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\(2\^3 + \ \@5\)\/91\)]], " with a capital N[ ] function. In other words, the input cell's contents \ should now look like:\n\t\t\tN[", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\(2\^3 + \ \@5\)\/91\)]], "]\nand reactivate the cell. What does the N[ ] function do?" }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ StyleBox["Exercise 5", FontSlant->"Italic"], ". Use the derivative template to find the derivative with respect to ", StyleBox["x", FontSlant->"Italic"], " of the function ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`\(x\^2 + \ 5\ x\ + \ 1\)\/\(x\^3 + \ 8\)\)]], " ." }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "Remember: If you find the templates hard to use, then you can ", StyleBox["always", FontSlant->"Italic"], " use linear input instead!" }], "Text"], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell["Keyboard shortcuts", "Subsubsection"], Cell["\<\ Some of the palette buttons have relatively straightforward \ keyboard equivalents you may prefer if you are a good typist. \ \>", "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "In particular, exponents are easy to do at the keyboard. To get an \ expression like ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`2\^3\)]], ", all you need to do is type \[ControlKey]-6 right before you type the \ exponent. To move the cursor out of the exponent when you are done, you need \ to type \[ControlKey]-\[SpaceIndicator] once or twice. Try entering ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`45\^21\)]], " into an input cell and then evaluate the result. (Use the exponent \ template if you want to.)" }], "Text"], Cell[TextData[{ "Fractions can also be formated directly from the keyboard. If you want a \ fraction, you should first give yourself a couple of spaces before the \ fraction starts. Then you can type \[ControlKey]-/ and the fraction \ template will appear. If the fraction has a simple numerator, you can also \ first type the numerator and then type \[ControlKey]-/ to get the box for the \ denominator. Try to type N[ ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`123\/234\)]], " ] into an input cell and evaluate to get the decimal approximation of ", Cell[BoxData[ \(TraditionalForm\`123\/234\)]], ". (Use the fraction template if you want to.)" }], "Text"] }, Closed]] }, Closed]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell["Greek letters", "Subsection"], Cell["\<\ Most (but not all) of the Greek letters are on the bottom part of \ the Basic Inputs palette. To insert a Greek letter into a cell (text or \ input) move the mouse to the letter you want and press the button. Insert \ some Greek letters into the space left below. (You'll need to move the \ cursor into the space in this cell and click once BEFORE you use the palette \ buttons.)\ \>", "Text"], Cell[TextData[ "The keyboard equivalents for the Greek letters are pretty straight forward. \ They follow the pattern \[EscapeKey]RomanLetterName\[EscapeKey]. Here's a \ table for your convience\[LongDash]Don't try to memorize this:"], "Text"], Cell[TextData[ "\t\[Alpha]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]a\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Beta]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]b\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Delta]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]d\ \[EscapeKey]\n\t\[CapitalDelta]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]D\[EscapeKey]\n\t\ \[Epsilon]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]e\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Phi]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]f\[EscapeKey] (that's a little phi)\n\t\[CapitalPhi]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]F\[EscapeKey] (that's a capital Phi)\n\t\[Gamma]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]g\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[CapitalGamma]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]G\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Eta]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]h\[EscapeKey]\ \n\t\[Iota]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]i\[EscapeKey] (that's an iota)\n\t\ \[Kappa]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]k\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Lambda]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]l\[EscapeKey] (that's an \"ell\" not a \"one\" here)\n\t\ \[CapitalLambda]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]L\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Mu]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]m\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Nu]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]n\ \[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Pi]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]p\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Theta]\t\ is typed \[EscapeKey]q\[EscapeKey] (theta doesn't quite fit the \ standard rule)\n\t\[CapitalTheta]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]Q\[EscapeKey] \ (that's a capital Theta)\n\t\[Rho]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]r\[EscapeKey] \ (that's a rho)\n\t\[Sigma]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]s\[EscapeKey]\n\t\ \[CapitalSigma]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]S\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Tau]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]t\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Upsilon]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]u\ \[EscapeKey] (that's an upsilon)\n\t\[CapitalUpsilon]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]U\[EscapeKey] (that's a capital Upsilon)\n\t\[Omega]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]w\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[CapitalOmega]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]W\[EscapeKey]\n\t\[Xi]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]x\[EscapeKey] \ (that's a xi)\n\t\[CapitalXi]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]X\[EscapeKey] \ (that's a capital Xi)\n\t\[Psi]\tis typed \[EscapeKey]y\[EscapeKey] \ (psi doesn't fit the standard rule)\n\t\[CapitalPsi]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]Y\[EscapeKey] (that's a capital Psi)\n\t\[Zeta]\tis typed \ \[EscapeKey]z\[EscapeKey] (that's a zeta)\t"], "Text"], Cell["\<\ Try typing (without the palette) some Greek letters in the space at \ the bottom of this cell.\ \>", "Text", PageBreakAbove->False] }, Closed]] }, Open ]], Cell["\<\ When you are done with this notebook, start working through \ 3-Plots.nb\ \>", "Section"] }, Open ]] }, FrontEndVersion->"Macintosh 3.0", ScreenRectangle->{{0, 800}, {0, 580}}, WindowSize->{535, 427}, WindowMargins->{{9, Automatic}, {Automatic, 0}}, PrintingCopies->1, PrintingPageRange->{1, Automatic}, StyleDefinitions -> Notebook[{ Cell["Style Definitions", "Subtitle"], Cell["\<\ Modify the definitions below to change the default appearance of \ all cells in a given style. Make modifications to any definition using \ commands in the Format menu.\ \>", "Text"], Cell["Style Environment Names", "Section"], Cell[StyleData[All, "Working"], PageWidth->WindowWidth, ScriptMinSize->9], Cell[StyleData[All, "Presentation"], PageWidth->WindowWidth, ScriptMinSize->12, FontSize->16], Cell[StyleData[All, "Condensed"], PageWidth->WindowWidth, CellBracketOptions->{"Margins"->{1, 1}, "Widths"->{0, 5}}, ScriptMinSize->8, FontSize->11], Cell[StyleData[All, "Printout"], PageWidth->PaperWidth, ScriptMinSize->5, FontSize->10, PrivateFontOptions->{"FontType"->"Outline"}], Cell["Notebook Options", "Section"], Cell["\<\ The options defined for the style below will be used at the \ Notebook level.\ \>", "Text"], Cell[StyleData["Notebook"], PageHeaders->{{Cell[ TextData[ { CounterBox[ "Page"]}], "PageNumber"], None, Cell[ TextData[ { ValueBox[ "FileName"]}], "Header"]}, {Cell[ TextData[ { ValueBox[ "FileName"]}], "Header"], None, Cell[ TextData[ { CounterBox[ "Page"]}], "PageNumber"]}}, CellFrameLabelMargins->6, StyleMenuListing->None], Cell["Styles for Headings", "Section"], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell[StyleData["Title"], CellFrame->True, CellMargins->{{12, Inherited}, {20, 40}}, CellGroupingRules->{"TitleGrouping", 0}, PageBreakBelow->False, TextAlignment->Center, CounterIncrements->"Title", CounterAssignments->{{"Section", 0}, {"Equation", 0}, {"Figure", 0}, { "Subtitle", 0}, {"Subsubtitle", 0}}, FontFamily->"Times", FontSize->36, FontWeight->"Bold", FontColor->RGBColor[0, 0, 1], Background->RGBColor[1, 1, 0]], Cell[StyleData["Title", "Presentation"], CellMargins->{{24, 10}, {20, 40}}, LineSpacing->{1, 0}, FontSize->44], Cell[StyleData["Title", "Condensed"], CellMargins->{{8, 10}, {4, 8}}, FontSize->20], Cell[StyleData["Title", "Printout"], CellMargins->{{2, 10}, {12, 30}}, FontSize->18] }, Closed]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell[StyleData["Subtitle"], CellMargins->{{12, Inherited}, {20, 15}}, CellGroupingRules->{"TitleGrouping", 10}, 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FontSize->12], Cell[StyleData["Subsubtitle", "Printout"], CellMargins->{{2, 10}, {12, 8}}, FontSize->14] }, Closed]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell[StyleData["Section"], CellDingbat->"\[FilledSquare]", CellMargins->{{25, Inherited}, {8, 24}}, CellGroupingRules->{"SectionGrouping", 30}, PageBreakBelow->False, CounterIncrements->"Section", CounterAssignments->{{"Subsection", 0}, {"Subsubsection", 0}}, FontFamily->"Times", FontSize->18, FontWeight->"Bold"], Cell[StyleData["Section", "Presentation"], CellMargins->{{40, 10}, {11, 32}}, LineSpacing->{1, 0}, FontSize->24], Cell[StyleData["Section", "Condensed"], CellMargins->{{18, Inherited}, {6, 12}}, FontSize->12], Cell[StyleData["Section", "Printout"], CellMargins->{{13, 0}, {7, 22}}, FontSize->14] }, Closed]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell[StyleData["Subsection"], CellDingbat->"\[FilledSmallSquare]", CellMargins->{{22, Inherited}, {8, 20}}, CellGroupingRules->{"SectionGrouping", 40}, PageBreakBelow->False, CounterIncrements->"Subsection", 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Open ]], Cell["Styles for Input/Output", "Section"], Cell["\<\ The cells in this section define styles used for input and output \ to the kernel. Be careful when modifying, renaming, or removing these \ styles, because the front end associates special meanings with these style \ names. 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Cell[StyleData["InlineFormula", "Presentation"], CellMargins->{{24, 10}, {10, 10}}, LineSpacing->{1, 5}], Cell[StyleData["InlineFormula", "Condensed"], CellMargins->{{8, 10}, {6, 6}}, LineSpacing->{1, 1}], Cell[StyleData["InlineFormula", "Printout"], CellMargins->{{2, 0}, {6, 6}}, FontSize->10] }, Open ]], Cell[CellGroupData[{ Cell[StyleData["DisplayFormula"], CellMargins->{{42, Inherited}, {Inherited, Inherited}}, CellHorizontalScrolling->True, DefaultFormatType->DefaultInputFormatType, ScriptLevel->0, SingleLetterItalics->True, UnderoverscriptBoxOptions->{LimitsPositioning->True}], Cell[StyleData["DisplayFormula", "Presentation"], LineSpacing->{1, 5}], Cell[StyleData["DisplayFormula", "Condensed"], LineSpacing->{1, 1}], Cell[StyleData["DisplayFormula", "Printout"], FontSize->10] }, Open ]], Cell["Styles for Headers and Footers", "Section"], Cell[StyleData["Header"], CellMargins->{{0, 0}, {4, 1}}, StyleMenuListing->None, FontSize->10, FontSlant->"Italic"], Cell[StyleData["Footer"], 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ButtonBoxes. 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If a cell's FormatType matches the name of one of the styles \ defined below, then that style is applied between the cell's style and its \ own options. This is particularly true of Input and Output.\ \>", "Text"], Cell[StyleData["CellExpression"], PageWidth->Infinity, CellMargins->{{6, Inherited}, {Inherited, Inherited}}, ShowCellLabel->False, ShowSpecialCharacters->False, AllowInlineCells->False, AutoItalicWords->{}, StyleMenuListing->None, FontFamily->"Courier", FontSize->12, Background->GrayLevel[1]], Cell[StyleData["InputForm"], AllowInlineCells->False, StyleMenuListing->None, FontFamily->"Courier"], Cell[StyleData["OutputForm"], PageWidth->Infinity, TextAlignment->Left, LineSpacing->{0.6, 1}, StyleMenuListing->None, FontFamily->"Courier"], Cell[StyleData["StandardForm"], LineSpacing->{1.25, 0}, StyleMenuListing->None, FontFamily->"Courier"], Cell[StyleData["TraditionalForm"], LineSpacing->{1.25, 0}, SingleLetterItalics->True, TraditionalFunctionNotation->True, DelimiterMatching->None, StyleMenuListing->None], Cell["\<\ The style defined below is mixed in to any cell that is in an \ inline cell within another.\ \>", "Text"], Cell[StyleData["InlineCell"], TextAlignment->Left, ScriptLevel->1, StyleMenuListing->None], Cell[StyleData["InlineCellEditing"], StyleMenuListing->None, Background->RGBColor[1, 0.749996, 0.8]] }], MacintoshSystemPageSetup->"\<\ 00<0004/0B`000002mT8o?mooh<" ] (*********************************************************************** Cached data follows. If you edit this Notebook file directly, not using Mathematica, you must remove the line containing CacheID at the top of the file. 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